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► Exercise 07 | page 12 ❶ A large number of mammalian species, including humans, occasionally work at deceiving others outside their troop or living unit. ❷ To the outsiders, individuals attempt to appear stronger or weaker, healthier or sicker than they really are. ❸ Within human groups, people deceive not only outgroup members but ingroup members as well — spouses, children, village leaders. ❹..

► Exercise 07 | page 24 ❶ The laser is an example of the 4 underratingof the practical implications of a scientific discovery. ❷ When Arthur Schawlow and Charles Townes published their seminal paper describing the principle of the laser in Physical Review in 1958, it produced considerable excitement in the scientific community and eventually won them Nobel Prizes. ❸ However, neither these author..

► Exercise 01 | page 12 ❶ The 1 purity of recycled products plays a key role in explaining the strength of demand for them. ❷ One of the reasons for the high rate of aluminum recycling and the much lower rate of plastics recycling is the differential difficulty with which a high-quality product can be produced from discarded materials. ❸ Whereas bundles of aluminum cans have a relatively uniform..

► Exercise 07 | page 12 ❶ If you walk down a path, the sounds of your footsteps provide you with information about your gait. ❷ It turns out that people feel heavier or lighter if the sounds they're fed from their footsteps are transformed through software. ❸ Via clever experimental tricks, a young researcher has shown that high pitches associated with footfalls cause people to feel lighter, whe..

► Exercise 01 | page 6 ❶ Sometimes when people have behaved badly, it is wise not to treat them badly in return; it is better to forgive them and let bygones be bygones. ❷ In such instances we might continue to recognize that they deserve worse; yet at the same time we choose to set this consideration aside. ❸ Some philosophers have found this 4 paradoxical. ❹ How, they ask, can we say that some..

► Exercise 01 | page 94 ❶ When we are in groups, we tend to feel that we, personally, aren’t as responsible as we would be if we were acting on our own. ❷ So the decisions that the group makes can easily become extreme. ( 1 ) ❸ Occasionally, groups reach riskier decisions — they decide to take actions which are more challenging or unsafe than they should be. ( 2 ) ❹ Sometimes, though, they make ..

► Exercise 01 | page 70 ❶ When we bemoan the lack of originality in the world, we blame it on the absence of creativity. ❷ If only people could generate more novel ideas, we’d all be better off. ❸ But in reality, the biggest barrier to originality is not idea generation — it’s idea 1 selection. ❹ In one analysis, when over two hundred people dreamed up more than a thousand ideas for new ventures..

► Exercise 01 | page 66 ❶ On April 12, 1955, the day that the US government announced that the new polio vaccine was safe and effective, its inventor, Jonas Salk, was asked on television who 1 owned the vaccine. ❷ He famously replied, “Well, the people, I would say. There is no patent. Could you patent the sun?” ❸ The vaccine was 2 common property; it belonged to the people who had donated money..